See -un on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chk",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chuukese",
"lang_code": "chk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chuukese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 17 13 9 14 14 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 16 12 9 12 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"of"
],
"id": "en--un-chk-suffix-KDkdO8ZO",
"links": [
[
"of",
"of"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-en"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"etymology_text": "See -Vn (illative suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{stem}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{stem}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{stem2}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{stem2}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{var}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{vAr}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 17 13 9 14 14 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 16 12 9 12 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix variant for the illative singular: see -Vn."
],
"id": "en--un-fi-suffix-~UOCk4vE",
"links": [
[
"-Vn",
"-Vn#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-an"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōniz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōniz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "U-mutated variant of -an, from Old Norse -an, from Proto-Germanic *-ōniz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-unar",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uninni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@"
},
"expansion": "-un f (noun-forming suffix, genitive singular -unar, no plural)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f.sg"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 17 13 9 14 14 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 16 12 9 12 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "þróa (“to develop”) + -un → þróun (“development”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "hafna (“to reject”) + -un → höfnun (“rejection”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms nouns from verbs (generally class 4 weak verbs) denoting the action or state described by the verb"
],
"id": "en--un-is-suffix-TiSrjCPU",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"no-plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʏn]"
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nay",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ngarrindjeri",
"lang_code": "nay",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ngarrindjeri entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 17 13 9 14 14 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 16 12 9 12 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix denoting present tense."
],
"id": "en--un-nay-suffix-RKgHUvF3",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "ang-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "strong plural past indicative suffix",
"word": "-on"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -on (strong plural past indicative suffix)"
],
"id": "en--un-ang-suffix-SEoBQ2Jq",
"links": [
[
"-on",
"-on#Old_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "f",
"name": "g"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōniz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōniz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Variant of -an f, from Proto-Germanic *-ōniz. Unlike \"-an\", \"-un\" is affected by u-umlaut in the nominative, accusative and dative singular forms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-f-i",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-anir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-anirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-anir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-anirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uninni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ununum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-anar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-anarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ananna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-an",
"2": "-un",
"3": "-un"
},
"name": "non-decl-f-i"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "-anirnar",
"api": "-anir",
"asd": "-unina",
"asi": "-un",
"dpd": "-ununum",
"dpi": "-unum",
"dsd": "-uninni",
"dsi": "-un",
"g": "feminine",
"gpd": "-ananna",
"gpi": "-ana",
"gsd": "-anarinnar",
"gsi": "-anar",
"notes": "",
"npd": "-anirnar",
"npi": "-anir",
"nsd": "-unin",
"nsi": "-un",
"stem": "strong i-stem",
"title": "-un"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-un",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unin",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anir",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anirnar",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-un",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unina",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anir",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anirnar",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-un",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-uninni",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ununum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anar",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anarinnar",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ana",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ananna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 17 13 9 14 14 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 16 12 9 12 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to derive nouns from class 2 weak verbs"
],
"id": "en--un-non-suffix-rTp92Ava",
"qualifier": "deverbative suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(deverbative suffix) used to derive nouns from class 2 weak verbs"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*-unъ",
"id": "nominal",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ūnas\nProto-Slavic *-ynъ\nProto-Slavic *-unъ\nPolish -un\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ynъ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-unъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-un\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"nominal\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"-un\" id=\"Polish:_nominal\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-unъ.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ūnas\nProto-Slavic *-ynъ\nProto-Slavic *-unъ\nPolish -un\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-unъ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-un m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-un"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"un"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 17 13 9 14 14 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 16 12 9 12 13 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bieg + -un → biegun",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms masculine nouns"
],
"id": "en--un-pl-suffix-kYZee8-0",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/un/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-un"
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ـڭ",
"tr": "-iñ"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ـڭ (-iñ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-cmn-pro",
"3": "*-iŋ",
"4": "*-ŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Common Turkic *-ŋ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish ـڭ (-iñ), from Proto-Common Turkic *-ŋ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "torun (“grand child”) + -un → (senin) torunun (“your grandchild”)"
},
{
"text": "horoz (“rooster”) + -un → (senin) horozun (“your rooster”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An epenthetic variant of -n (the suffixation of the second-person singular possession), agglutinated after a syllable which ends in a consonant and contains a rounded back vowel"
],
"id": "en--un-tr-suffix-kBzJR0Ux",
"links": [
[
"-n",
"-n#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ـنڭ",
"tr": "-niñ"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ـنڭ (-niñ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-cmn-pro",
"3": "*-niŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Common Turkic *-niŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-n"
},
"expansion": "-n",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-un"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani -un",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "-ның"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh -ның (-nıŋ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "-нуң"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan -нуң (-nuñ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish ـنڭ (-niñ), from Proto-Common Turkic *-niŋ. Final -ŋ had been coronalised to -n and initial -n- had been dropped apparently to avoid cluster.\nCompare with Azerbaijani -un, Kazakh -ның (-nıŋ) / -дың (-dıŋ) / -тың (-tıŋ), Tuvan -нуң (-nuñ) / -дуң (-duñ) / -туң (-tuñ), etc.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(suffix forming genitive), agglutinated after a syllable which ends in a consonant and contains a rounded back vowel",
"word": "-nun"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "okul (“school”) + -un → okulun (“school’s, of school”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Variant of -nun (suffix forming genitive), agglutinated after a syllable which ends in a consonant and contains a rounded back vowel"
],
"id": "en--un-tr-suffix-BRHZ67uT",
"links": [
[
"-nun",
"-nun#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chk",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chuukese",
"lang_code": "chk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chuukese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chuukese lemmas",
"Chuukese suffixes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"of"
],
"links": [
[
"of",
"of"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-en"
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_text": "See -Vn (illative suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{stem}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{stem}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{stem2}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{stem2}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{var}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{vAr}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish case suffixes",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish suffixes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix variant for the illative singular: see -Vn."
],
"links": [
[
"-Vn",
"-Vn#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-an"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -an",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōniz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōniz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "U-mutated variant of -an, from Old Norse -an, from Proto-Germanic *-ōniz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-unar",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uninni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@"
},
"expansion": "-un f (noun-forming suffix, genitive singular -unar, no plural)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f.sg"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic 1-syllable words",
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic feminine suffixes",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic noun-forming suffixes",
"Icelandic suffixes",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Icelandic uncountable nouns",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "þróa (“to develop”) + -un → þróun (“development”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "hafna (“to reject”) + -un → höfnun (“rejection”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms nouns from verbs (generally class 4 weak verbs) denoting the action or state described by the verb"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"no-plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʏn]"
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nay",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ngarrindjeri",
"lang_code": "nay",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ngarrindjeri entries with incorrect language header",
"Ngarrindjeri lemmas",
"Ngarrindjeri suffixes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix denoting present tense."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "ang-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "strong plural past indicative suffix",
"word": "-on"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English suffixes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -on (strong plural past indicative suffix)"
],
"links": [
[
"-on",
"-on#Old_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "f",
"name": "g"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōniz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōniz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Variant of -an f, from Proto-Germanic *-ōniz. Unlike \"-an\", \"-un\" is affected by u-umlaut in the nominative, accusative and dative singular forms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-f-i",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-anir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-anirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-anir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-anirnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uninni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ununum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-anar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-anarinnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ananna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-an",
"2": "-un",
"3": "-un"
},
"name": "non-decl-f-i"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "-anirnar",
"api": "-anir",
"asd": "-unina",
"asi": "-un",
"dpd": "-ununum",
"dpi": "-unum",
"dsd": "-uninni",
"dsi": "-un",
"g": "feminine",
"gpd": "-ananna",
"gpi": "-ana",
"gsd": "-anarinnar",
"gsi": "-anar",
"notes": "",
"npd": "-anirnar",
"npi": "-anir",
"nsd": "-unin",
"nsi": "-un",
"stem": "strong i-stem",
"title": "-un"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-un",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unin",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anir",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anirnar",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-un",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unina",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anir",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anirnar",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-un",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-uninni",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-unum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ununum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anar",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-anarinnar",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ana",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ananna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse feminine i-stem nouns",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse suffixes",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"used to derive nouns from class 2 weak verbs"
],
"qualifier": "deverbative suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(deverbative suffix) used to derive nouns from class 2 weak verbs"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*-unъ",
"id": "nominal",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ūnas\nProto-Slavic *-ynъ\nProto-Slavic *-unъ\nPolish -un\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ynъ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-unъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-un\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"nominal\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"-un\" id=\"Polish:_nominal\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-unъ.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ūnas\nProto-Slavic *-ynъ\nProto-Slavic *-unъ\nPolish -un\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-unъ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-un m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-un"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"un"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish masculine suffixes",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/un",
"Rhymes:Polish/un/1 syllable"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bieg + -un → biegun",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms masculine nouns"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/un/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-un"
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish non-lemma forms",
"Turkish suffix forms",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms derived from Proto-Common Turkic",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Common Turkic",
"Turkish vowel harmonic lemmas"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ـڭ",
"tr": "-iñ"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ـڭ (-iñ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-cmn-pro",
"3": "*-iŋ",
"4": "*-ŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Common Turkic *-ŋ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish ـڭ (-iñ), from Proto-Common Turkic *-ŋ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "torun (“grand child”) + -un → (senin) torunun (“your grandchild”)"
},
{
"text": "horoz (“rooster”) + -un → (senin) horozun (“your rooster”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An epenthetic variant of -n (the suffixation of the second-person singular possession), agglutinated after a syllable which ends in a consonant and contains a rounded back vowel"
],
"links": [
[
"-n",
"-n#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish non-lemma forms",
"Turkish suffix forms",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms derived from Proto-Common Turkic",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Common Turkic",
"Turkish vowel harmonic lemmas"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ـنڭ",
"tr": "-niñ"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ـنڭ (-niñ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-cmn-pro",
"3": "*-niŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Common Turkic *-niŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-n"
},
"expansion": "-n",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-un"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani -un",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "-ның"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh -ның (-nıŋ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "-нуң"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan -нуң (-nuñ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish ـنڭ (-niñ), from Proto-Common Turkic *-niŋ. Final -ŋ had been coronalised to -n and initial -n- had been dropped apparently to avoid cluster.\nCompare with Azerbaijani -un, Kazakh -ның (-nıŋ) / -дың (-dıŋ) / -тың (-tıŋ), Tuvan -нуң (-nuñ) / -дуң (-duñ) / -туң (-tuñ), etc.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-un",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(suffix forming genitive), agglutinated after a syllable which ends in a consonant and contains a rounded back vowel",
"word": "-nun"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "okul (“school”) + -un → okulun (“school’s, of school”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Variant of -nun (suffix forming genitive), agglutinated after a syllable which ends in a consonant and contains a rounded back vowel"
],
"links": [
[
"-nun",
"-nun#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-un"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -un meaning in All languages combined (15.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-un"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-un",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: complying with vowel harmony",
"path": [
"-un"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-un",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: complying with vowel harmony",
"path": [
"-un"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-un",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.